Many countries have improved their sanitation with improved standards of waste disposal.


第一個improved前有with ,還能看作完成時嗎?還是被動的隨著或者形容詞?

have improved:目前完成時,謂語。主動意義。

improved standards of waste disposal. 過去分詞作定語,被動意義,修飾standards。沒必要區別improved是形容詞還是過去分詞,就按過去分詞對待。