Gettysburg?Address?林肯在葛底斯堡的演說(shuō)

（Delivered on the 19th Day of November, 1863 Cemetery Hill, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania ）

1863年11月19日,葛底斯堡,賓夕法尼亞

Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new Nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now, we are engaged in a great Civil War, testing whether that Nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that that Nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.

87年前，大家的先輩們?cè)谶@個(gè)國(guó)內(nèi)上創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)新國(guó)家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行所有生活來(lái)平等的原則。目前大家正從事一場(chǎng)偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，以考驗(yàn)這個(gè)國(guó)家，或者任何一個(gè)孕育于自由和奉行上述原則的國(guó)家是不是可以長(zhǎng)久存在下去。大家在這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的一個(gè)偉大戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上集會(huì)。烈士們?yōu)槭惯@個(gè)國(guó)家可以存活下去而獻(xiàn)出了我們的生命，大家來(lái)到這里，是要把這個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的一部分奉獻(xiàn)給他們作為最后長(zhǎng)眠之所。大家如此做是完全應(yīng)該而且是很適合的。

But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor?power to add or detract. The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us; that from these honored dead, we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, that this Nation, under GOD, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the People by the People and for the People shall not perish from the earth.

但，從更廣泛的意義上來(lái)講，這塊土地大家不可以夠奉獻(xiàn)，不可以夠圣化，不可以夠神化。那些曾在這里戰(zhàn)斗過(guò)的勇士們，活著的和過(guò)世的，已經(jīng)把這塊土地圣化了，這遠(yuǎn)不是大家微薄的力量所能增減的。大家今天在這里所說(shuō)的話，全世界不大會(huì)注意，也不會(huì)長(zhǎng)久地記住，但勇士們?cè)谶@里所做過(guò)的事，全世界卻從來(lái)不會(huì)忘記。毋寧說(shuō)，倒是大家這類還活著的人，應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于勇士們已經(jīng)這樣崇高地向前推進(jìn)但尚沒(méi)有完成的事業(yè)。倒是大家應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于仍然留在大家面前的偉大任務(wù)--大家要從這類光榮的死者身上汲取更多的捐軀精神，來(lái)完成他們已經(jīng)完全徹底為之捐軀的事業(yè)；大家要在這里下定最大的決心，不讓這類死者白白犧牲；大家要使國(guó)家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生，要使這個(gè)民有、民治、民享的政府永世長(zhǎng)存。

Abraham Lincoln?亞伯拉罕·林肯

背景常識(shí)：

在1863年11月19日，正值美國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中葛底斯堡戰(zhàn)役結(jié)束后四個(gè)半月，林肯在賓夕法尼亞州葛底斯堡的葛底斯堡國(guó)家公墓（Gettysburg National Cemetery）揭幕式中發(fā)表是之演說(shuō)，悼念在長(zhǎng)達(dá)5個(gè)半月的葛底斯堡之役中陣亡的將士。林肯的演講于當(dāng)天第二順位發(fā)表，修辭細(xì)膩周密，其后成為美國(guó)歷史上最偉大的演說(shuō)之一。出人預(yù)料的是，盡管這場(chǎng)演說(shuō)名垂青史，聲震寰宇，其確切之措辭卻頗受爭(zhēng)議。五份已知的演說(shuō)稿，與當(dāng)時(shí)新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)中的謄抄本，于若干細(xì)節(jié)上彼此互異。

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